What Is Reality Therapy?

A clinical psychologist with nearly two decades of experience, Dr. David Daleo works with patients as the owner of Daleoworks Psychological Services, Inc., in Beverly Hills, California. At his practice, Dr. David Daleo uses a variety of therapeutic models to treat patients, including a specialized form of cognitive behavioral therapy known as reality therapy (RT). 

Developed in the mid-1960s by Dr. William Glasser, RT is a therapeutic approach based on the idea that all humans have five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, fun, and freedom. Dr. Glasser theorized that all human behavior is an attempt to fulfill these needs and that emotional, mental, and/or behavioral issues arise when any of them go unmet. 

At its core, RT’s main focus is to help people with unmet needs set goals and problem solve to fulfill these needs. To do this, a therapist will guide clients to identify what choices they can make in the present to meet their goals. Instead of discussing their symptoms, excusing their behavior, and/or blaming others for their issues, individuals in RT are encouraged to focus on what they can do in the here and now to enjoy a happier and more fulfilling life. 

When successful, RT can help a person in a number of ways. The approach can lead to improved problem-solving skills, greater self-awareness and self-confidence, and an increased sense of personal responsibility. The approach also can be beneficial for people with specific conditions and issues, including addiction, anxiety, depression, and relationship problems.